Understanding Bone Grafting
Bone grafting, also known as regenerative surgery, is a minor surgical procedure to recreate bone in areas of the mouth where it has been lost due to various causes such as periodontitis, traumatic extractions, infection, or long-term denture wear. Bone loss often results from tooth loss, as the alveolar bone that supports the tooth resorbs once the tooth is lost. The grafting procedure leverages the natural ability of bone tissue to regenerate if provided with the proper environment.
Common Indications for Bone Grafting
- Saving Existing Teeth: Severe periodontal disease can cause bone loss, and grafting adds support to teeth that have lost alveolar bone.
- Post-Extraction: To prevent bone loss after tooth extraction, grafting is done at the time of extraction, especially if planning to restore the extracted tooth with an implant or prosthesis.
- Dental Implants: Adequate bone support is needed for dental implants. Grafting can increase bone volume before or during implant placement.
- Aesthetic/ Cosmetic Procedures: Bone grafting can improve the harmony between gum tissue and teeth, enhancing the smile.
Sources of Bone Graft Materials
According to the FDA, bone graft materials can include substances like hydroxyapatite, tricalcium phosphate, polylactic and polyglycolic acids, or collagen.
What to Expect During and After Bone Grafting
Bone grafting is typically performed under local anesthesia. The sterile bone particles are placed in the site, and a collagen membrane may be used to protect the graft material during healing. Sutures secure the surgical site. Post-surgery, some swelling and bruising may occur, but discomfort is usually minimal and lasts only 1-2 days. Follow-up visits are advised to monitor healing.
Ridge Augmentation
Ridge augmentation is a common use of bone grafting to restore the natural contour of gums and jaw after tooth loss due to trauma, infection, or periodontal disease. It helps achieve an ideal gum and bone support for restorations or implants.
Sinus Lift Procedure
A sinus lift is a bone graft procedure for patients with extreme bone loss in the upper jaw or an enlarged maxillary sinus. This is necessary for placing dental implants when there is insufficient bone height in the upper molar/pre-molar region. The procedure involves creating a small window under the gum tissue to access the sinus floor, lifting the sinus membrane, and placing a bone graft. Implants may be placed simultaneously, reducing the overall treatment time.
Post-Surgery Expectations for Sinus Lift
Patients can expect some swelling, bruising, and minimal discomfort for 1-2 days. Over-the-counter decongestants can help relieve any congestion. Healing after a sinus lift with bone grafting alone takes about 5-7 months, whereas with simultaneous implant placement, it takes around 3-4 months.
For more information, please get in touch with Nifa Dent International.
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